REFORM in a nutshell

Saldur River - Italy

Near-bankfull conditions in the Saldur river (South Tyrol, Italy) due only to intense glacier melt flows. The channel is confined by debris flow fans (on the left) and hillslopes (on the background), but small pockets of floodplains are also present (on the right).

Rutor River - Italy

A proglacial confined reach of the Rutor river (Valle D'Aosta, Italy) exhibiting a pronounced braided pattern. Such aquatic environments are naturally extremely dynamic and characterized by low biodiversity

Tagliamento River - Italy

The Tagliamento River (upstream the Pinzano gorge, Friuli Venezia Giulia, northeastern Italy) is a large, braided, gravel-bed river in a very good state of hydromorphological conditions

Secchia River - Italy

Secchia River is an example of hydromorphological alteration, related to a dramatic bed incision mainly caused by intense sediment mining during the last decades. The alluvial deposits were completely eroded during causing bedrock outcropping and a drastic change in substrate characteristics.

Magra River - Italy

Magra River in its upper part is an example of unconfined, wandering, gravel-bed river crossing along an intermontane Apenninic plain. The river in this portion of the catchment is in good morphological conditions, with limited hydromorphological alterations, a relatively wide erodible corridor, and typical forms and processes expected for this morphological typology.

Cecina River - Italy

In this medium reach, Cecina River is a sinuous with alternate bars, gravel bed river. Although some hydromorphological alteration (weirs upstream, past sediment mining and consequent bed incision), this river is in a relatively good morphological state, being characterized by bank erosion and lateral mobility promoting a diversity of morphological units and habitats.

River Ruhr - Germany

The restored site “Binnerfeld” in the river Ruhr in Arnsberg is part of the NATURA 2000 area and serves as an important place for local recreation. Rehabilitation took place from 2006 to 2011 on a length of 4.5 km. The main aims were to rehabilitate natural hydromorphological conditions and improve longitudinal connectivity to enlarge morphological and biological diversity. Moreover, it aimed to increase the aesthetic value and to raise people’s awareness for the importance of river ecosystems.

Renaturierung von Gewässern im Stadtgebiet von Arnsberg

River Lahn - Germany

The restored site “Cölbe” which is part of the floodplains and tributaries of the rivers Lahn and Ohm. The restoration was realised in 2000 over a length of 200m. The main aim was morphological improvement. Bank fixations were removed to initiate bankside erosion and the river bed and banks were restructured to enhance habitat and biotic diversity. It serves as an important area for characteristic species, flood prevention and local recreation.

Auenverbund Lahn-Ohm

River Enns - Austria

During the 20th century the course of the River Enns was straightened, river banks were stabilized and most of the side arms backfilled for flood protection. To increase habitat diversity of the river bed and the riparian zone small scale restoration measures were implemented: Over a distance of 270 m the riprap was removed and a new side arm was created. New gravel banks as well as pools and water filled backwaters developed due to river bed being widened.

LIFE+ Fluss Landschaft Enns

River Drau - Austria

The widened river bed and reconnected sidearms at the restored site of River Drau provide over a distance of 2.5 km new aquatic and riparian habitats for endangered species as well as local recreation areas for the public.

LIFE Projekt Lebensader Obere Drau

REFORM: REstoring rivers FOR effective catchment Management

Final results FP7 project REFORM (REstoring rivers FOR effective catchment Management) all available online

This is to inform you that the final results of the FP7 project REFORM (REstoring rivers FOR effective catchment Management) are all available online. We sincerely hope that our results will contribute to conserve and restore rivers, stream, riparian zones and floodplains worldwide.

REFORM has generated substantial outputs to support the implementation of the European Water Framework Directive: over 30 deliverables and >100 scientific publications (see Menu item RESULTS). For application in river management, relevant results are summarised user-friendly in the REFORM wiki. Furthermore, the outcomes of REFORM have been discussed and disseminated through stakeholder workshops, an international scientific conference, a summer school, numerous presentations, newsletters, policy briefs and discussion papers.

Our last two newsletters #7 and #8 give you the overview of the results from the final year.

For teaching you may be particularly interested in the lecture notes of the summer school and the online videos.

The results of REFORM are rather bulky. The full set of deliverables contains thousands of pages. Therefore we summarised the main findings in our wiki following the logical sequence of river basin management planning: How does my river work? What’s wrong? and How to improve? The deliverable 6.3 is the guidebook to the contents of the wiki.

Key results, conclusions and recommendations of REFORM

  • Hydromorphological assessment should consider physical processes and appropriate temporal and spatial aspects beyond river restoration project boundaries and project life span. For this, REFORM developed an open-ended hydromorphology framework incorporating multi-scale spatial and temporal aspects. It aids users in developing understanding of the morphology and dynamics of river reaches and their causes. The Morphological Quality Index (MQI) is the method recommended by REFORM for assessing river condition. The method is extremely useful for analysing and interpreting critical problems and causes of alteration.
  • Vegetation and plants can play a cost-effective and significant role as physical ecosystem engineers for river restoration. Riparian and floodplain ecosystems are not subject to extensive monitoring but are crucial to river morphodynamics and ecology. Direct measurements of hydromorphological processes and riparian vegetation are likely to be better in assessing hydromorphological degradation than in-stream biota.
  • Current biological sampling methods are not appropriate to capture HYMO impacts and they underestimate the influence of HYMO on biota. There is a need to develop new biota sampling methods that are more sensitive to HYMO impacts. This includes sampling of habitats (e.g. the riparian) that are in particular impacted by HYMO degradation. Hydromorphological assessment covering the entire range from high to bad should be a quality element in its own right in the WFD status assessment.
  • Restoration projects should adopt a synergistic approach with other resource users to secure win-win scenarios and have well-defined quantitative success criteria e.g. ranging from hydromorphological improvements to the expected beneficial impact on biota and ecosystem services. Application of existing planning and management tools such as PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Act), DPSIR, setting SMART objectives and BACI monitoring, can substantially enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of restoration.
  • Cost-benefit analysis can help in prioritizing restoration measures and plans. At present, cost data are too scarce hampering cost-benefit analysis of restoration measures. There is a need to gather and incorporate cost information in a more systematic way.
  • Restoration had positive effects even in small restoration projects. However, other studies indicate that exceptionally large projects indeed have higher effects. Restoration pays - it increases ecosystem services, which should be considered in the assessment of river restoration projects. River restoration benefits not only aquatic biota. Terrestrial and semi-aquatic species benefit and should be considered in assessments. It is important to select measures that restore specific limiting habitats at relevant scales. Hydromorphological restoration has an overall positive effect on biota, but effects vary. It is thus essential to monitor and adjust restoration projects.

 

Challenges, Objectives and Scope of REFORM - REstoring rivers FOR effective catchment Management

Restoring river ecosystems in Europe: the REFORM project's objectives were to provide tools to support cost-effective implementation of restoration measures and monitoring. REFORM has been a 4-yr large integrated research project, grouping 26 partners from 15 countries, that addressed the challenges to reach the ecological objectives for rivers as required by the EU Water Framework Directive. Many European rivers are regulated to support flood protection, navigation, freshwater supply or hydropower production. The ecological impacts of these hydromorphological modifications are poorly understood and the extent to which these impacts can be effectively reversed or mitigated lacks scientific rigour. REFORM aimed to improve existing tools and develop new ones to increase the success and cost-effectiveness of restoration measures and procedures to monitor the biological responses to hydromorphological changes with greater precision and sensitivity. One example of a new tool that REFORM delivered is a river restoration WIKI. Initial results were made timely available early 2013 to support the second and future River Basin Management Plans of the WFD as well as other European environmental directives.

Project duration: November 2011 - October 2015